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Indonesian aquaculture is divided into three main groups, namely: Freshwater culture; brackishwater culture and mariculture. Freshwater and brackishwater culture have long been practised by indonesian fish farmers, while mariculture, despite the abundant resources, is a new development that has only been carried out since the early 1980s. Indonesian aquaculture is mostly small-scale and characterised by low technological inputs and a high degree of dependency on nature. In 1991, there were about 1,800,000 fish farmers engaged in aquaculture activities, including 175,000 people involved in brackishwater culture and 1,600,000 in freshwater culture. There are no data available on the number of fish farmers engaged in mariculture, but the number is still low.

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